What types of CNC machining are there?

In the B2B industry, the choice of machinery defines a workshop's competitiveness, precision and profitability. Computer Numerical Control (CNC) is the technology that makes it possible to automate manufacturing, but there is no one-size-fits-all solution. Knowing the different types of CNC machining is essential to identify the most strategic investment for your business.

Each type of machine is designed for a specific part geometry, material and production volume. As a competitive partner, Vurcon specializes in offering high-performance solutions with optimal value for money in the key areas of chip-removal machining (milling and turning).

CNC milling machines

CNC milling is a process in which a rotating tool (milling cutter) removes material from a workpiece. Machining centers are the evolution of this technology, designed for high efficiency and versatility.

Choosing the right vertical machining center (VMC) depends on the size of your parts. Our range is designed to scale with your needs:

• Vurcon VL-65: Ideal for more compact parts, it offers travels of 650/400/500 mm and a 400x850 mm table.

• Vurcon VL-85: An excellent balance for general machining, with longer travels (850/500/550 mm) and the same head power (7.5/11 kW).

• Vurcon VL-127 and VL-147: For large-format parts, with X travels of 1200 mm and 1400 mm respectively, and higher main motor power (15 kW on the VL-127).

Our “optimal value for money” is not about being the cheapest option, but about the engineering and the components. For example, many of our models, such as the VL-106, VL-127 and VL-178, use linear guideways with roller blocks. Unlike standard ball guideways, rollers offer a much larger contact surface. This translates directly into superior rigidity, allowing greater depths of cut and eliminating vibration when machining hard steels.

The real ROI (return on investment) comes from reducing cycle times. That is why our standard configuration includes 20 bar coolant through the spindle (CTS) on most centers. This is not an extra; it is a profitability generator that evacuates chips effectively in deep drilling, drastically increasing drilling speed and extending tool life.

Not sure whether your parts require the rigidity of the VL-127's roller guideways or whether the versatility of the VL-85 is enough? Contact a technician and let's analyze your drawings.

CNC lathes and turning machines

Turning is the opposite process to milling: the workpiece rotates at high speed while a cutting tool removes material to create cylindrical shapes.

The flat-bed lathes Vurcon (PL series) are designed to be a robust, competitive solution. The standard configuration includes reliable elements such as a manual 3-jaw chuck (Ø 325mm on the PL-63 or Ø 250mm on the PL-50) and a manual tailstock. This provides an economical, reliable base for general machining.

We understand that modern productivity may require other solutions. That is why we offer a tailored advice to study configurations better suited to your specific clamping and production needs.

CNC combined milling and turning machines

This is where process optimization becomes obvious. In a workshop, every machine change (setup) is lost time and money.

The Vurcon PL-61Mx2000 CNC lathe eliminates this inefficiency. This model is not just a lathe; it is equipped with live tooling. Its 12-position turret is driven (VDI30F), allowing it to perform turning, milling, drilling and tapping operations in a single clamping. Instead of turning a part (1st setup) and moving it to a milling machine (2nd setup), this machine does it all, drastically reducing idle time and improving precision by eliminating repositioning.

Other specialized CNC processes (non-traditional machining)

The world of CNC is vast and not limited to chip removal. To be an expert partner, it is important to know the technologies designed for specific tasks where milling or turning is not the solution. Although Vurcon specializes in machining centers and lathes, these are other key CNC processes in the industry:

CNC routers

Conceptually similar to milling machines, CNC routers are optimized for softer materials such as wood, plastic, foam or composites. They generally offer very large working areas and extremely high spindle speeds, but with lower structural rigidity than a machining center designed for metals.

CNC plasma and laser cutters

Both technologies are ideal for 2D cutting of sheet metal.

• The plasma uses a high-speed jet of ionized gas to cut. It is very fast and excellent for cutting medium to thick metals.

• The laser uses a concentrated, high-power beam of light. It offers extreme precision and very clean cut edges, making it ideal for thin sheet or detailed engraving work.

Electrical discharge machines (EDM)

This process uses controlled electrical discharges (sparks) to erode the material. It is a fundamental method in the mold and die industry, as it makes it possible to machine extremely hard materials (such as hardened steel) and create geometries that are impossible for a milling cutter, such as internal corners with zero radius or very fine slots.

CNC waterjet cutting machines

Waterjet cutting uses a jet of water at supersonic pressure, often mixed with an abrasive. Its main advantage is that it is a cold process, so it does not create a heat-affected zone (HAZ). This makes it possible to cut almost any material (metal, stone, glass, composites) without altering its thermal properties or hardening the edges.

Beyond the machine: the support that protects your investment

Buying a CNC machine is a major investment, but a machine standing idle is an unaffordable loss. We understand that your biggest concern is not just the purchase price but reliability and total cost of ownership.

That is why Vurcon's comprehensive service is a pillar of our offering:

• Warranty and spare parts: all our machines come with a warranty. Even more importantly, we keep a permanent stock of interchangeable spare parts for all components, guaranteeing immediate delivery.

• Expert technical service: we have a department of technical experts for immediate service.

• Real training: our after-sales service doesn't end at delivery. It includes installation, commissioning and full training until the operator is cutting chips.

Which machine is right for my workshop?

Choosing between a 3-axis center with roller guideways such as the VL-106 or a lathe with live tooling such as the PL-61Mx is not a trivial decision. It depends on your parts, your materials and your production goals.

As you have seen, at Vurcon “no two customers are alike”. Our commitment is to be your competitive partner, offering a tailored advice to find the affordable CNC solution that maximizes your profitability.

Discover how our machining centers and lathes can optimize your workshop. Contact our team of specialists for a no-obligation analysis of your needs.